Izichumisi zendalo zenziwe ngokuvundisa izichumisi ezahlukeneyo zasendlwini.Okuxhaphake kakhulu ukusetyenziswa ngumgquba wenkukhu, umgquba wenkomo, kunye nomgquba weehagu.Phakathi kwazo, umgquba wenkukhu ufanelekile ngakumbi kwisichumisi, kodwa umphumo wobulongwe benkomo unzima kakhulu.Izichumisi eziphilayo ezivundisiweyo kufuneka ziqwalasele umlinganiselo wecarbon-nitrogen, ukufuma, umxholo weoksijini, ubushushu, kunye nepH.Siza kuzichaza ngokweenkcukacha ngezantsi:
1. Umgquba wenkukhu sisichumiso esiphilayo, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwezichumisi ezintathu kuphezulu, kodwa i-nitrogen emgqubeni wenkukhu ayikwazi ukufunxwa ngokuthe ngqo zizityalo.Ukuba igalelwe ngqo entsimini, iya kubangela ukufa kwezityalo.Oku kungenxa yokuba umgquba wenkukhu uneuric acid, nto leyo ethintela ukukhula kweengcambu zesityalo.Kwelinye icala, umgquba wenkukhu uphezulu kwizinto eziphilayo kwaye xa uvundiswe entsimini wenza ubushushu kwaye wonakalise iingcambu zezityalo.Ngoko ke, umgquba wenkukhu kufuneka uvundiswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ubole phambi kokuba usetyenziswe njengesichumiso esiphilayo.Nangona kunjalo, umgquba weenkukhu kulula ukubola kwaye ubushushu obubolileyo buphezulu.yeyesichumiso esishushu.Ukusebenzisa umgquba wenkukhu njengento ekrwada, iyabila kwaye ibole ngokukhawuleza, kwaye isenokwenziwa isichumiso esinezondlo eziphezulu.Yimathiriyeli ekrwada elungileyo kakhulu yokwenza umgquba.
2. Umgquba wehagu sesona sichumiso sendalo esiphakathi kwezithathu.Umgquba wehagu unomthamo ophezulu wenitrogen kodwa ukwanamanzi amaninzi, phakathi kwawo i-organic matter iphakathi kwaye kulula ukubola.Iphuka ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuvuthwa.Umgquba wehagu uqulethe i-humus eninzi, engagcini nje kuphela i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, izichumisi ze-potassium emhlabeni, kodwa iphinde iphucule ngakumbi: isakhiwo somhlaba sivumela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nesichumisi emhlabeni, kodwa umgquba wehagu uqulethe ezininzi. iibhaktheriya kunye nezinto ezinobungozi phambi kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kufuneka ziqhekezwe.
3. Ubulongwe benkomo bunobona buchule buphantsi kwesichumiso phakathi kwezi zintathu, kodwa bubobona buthambileyo.I-organic matter inzima kakhulu ukubola, ibola kancinane, kwaye ubushushu bokubila buphantsi.Kuba iinkomo zitya kakhulu ifula, ubulongwe benkomo bunecellulose.Ikakhulu, umxholo we-nitrogen yendalo, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-potassium iphantsi, kwaye ayiyi kubangela umphumo ogqithisileyo we-fertilizer kunye nokulimala kwizityalo xa ifakwe kwintsimi, kodwa iinkomo ziya kuba nembewu yengca eninzi ngexesha lokutya.Ukuba azibolanga, imbewu yengca iya kuba sendle.Iingcambu zahluma.
4. Umgquba weegusha ulungile ngokwendalo kwaye usezantsi kumthamo wamanzi, kwaye uhlobo lwawo lwenitrogen ikakhulu yiurea nitrogen, ekulula ukubola nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
5. Umgquba wehashe unomxholo ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo, kwaye uqulethe i-fiber-decomposing bacteria, enokuvelisa amaqondo okushisa aphezulu ngexesha lokudibanisa.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-07-2022